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Underdevelopment of the third pillar: Compared with developed countries, the scale of the second and third pillar pensions in China is relatively low, which needs to be promoted through policy guidance.Improvement of market stability: the entry of long-term funds into the market will help reduce short-term fluctuations in the market and improve market stability, which is of positive significance to the healthy development of the capital market.The expansion of individual pension system is an important step in the development of multi-level pension insurance system in China, aiming at meeting the challenges brought by the aging population. According to the latest policy, the personal pension system will be extended to the whole country on December 15th, 2024, and the first batch of 85 equity index funds will be included in the catalogue of personal pension investment products. The implementation background of this policy is mainly based on the following points:

Improve market efficiency: the transparency and low rate of index funds help to improve market efficiency, reduce transaction costs and increase investor participation.The inclusion of index funds helps to optimize the structure of the capital market and increase the proportion of institutional investors. According to market analysis, the full implementation of individual pension will attract more institutional investors to participate in the market, thus improving the maturity and efficiency of the market. The increase of institutional investors will promote more rational and long-term value investment in the market and reduce irrational fluctuations in the market.2.1 Increased market liquidity

The aging of the population is increasing: the proportion of people over 60 years old in China continues to increase, and it is expected to reach 29.9% by 2040, which poses great pressure on the existing old-age security system.According to official data, as of December 12th, the number of products that can be invested by individual pension in Public Offering of Fund has increased to 284, all of which have announced the establishment of Y share. This expansion is expected to have the following impact on the market:Improvement of market stability: the entry of long-term funds into the market will help reduce short-term fluctuations in the market and improve market stability, which is of positive significance to the healthy development of the capital market.